\begin{table}[h!]
\centering
\caption{Propensity-score estimation using logistic regression}
\label{app:psmatch_table}
\resizebox*{!}{\dimexpr0.9\textheight-2\baselineskip\relax}{%
\begin{threeparttable}
\begin{tabular}{l*{3}{c}}
\toprule
\multirow{2}{*}{Village-level characteristic} & (1) & (2) & (3) \\ \cmidrule(lr){2-4}
& \multicolumn{3}{c}{\(\mathbbm{1}\left( \text{NGO village} \right)\)} \\
\midrule
Area (km\textsuperscript{2})&     0.00055   &    0.000096   &    0.000096   \\
            &   (0.00058)   &   (0.00011)   &   (0.00011)   \\
Area\textsuperscript{2}&-0.000000025   &               &               \\
            &(0.00000010)   &               &               \\ \addlinespace
Total population&     0.00078   &    -0.00058*  &    -0.00060** \\
            &   (0.00047)   &   (0.00030)   &   (0.00030)   \\ \addlinespace
Scheduled Caste population (proportion)&        0.26   &        1.06***&        1.06***\\
            &      (0.37)   &      (0.28)   &      (0.28)   \\ \addlinespace
Scheduled Tribe population (proportion)&        7.02   &       -4.41   &       -4.59   \\
            &      (4.84)   &      (5.07)   &      (5.14)   \\ \addlinespace
Population density&      -0.057*  &               &               \\
            &     (0.030)   &               &               \\ \addlinespace
Number of primary schools&        0.41** &        0.59***&        0.58***\\
            &      (0.18)   &      (0.12)   &      (0.12)   \\ \addlinespace
Number of middle schools&       -0.16   &       0.080   &        0.11   \\
            &      (0.29)   &      (0.22)   &      (0.22)   \\ \addlinespace
Number of secondary schools&      -0.058   &               &               \\
            &      (0.60)   &               &               \\ \addlinespace
\(\mathbbm{1}\left( \text{Medical facilities} \right)\)&       -0.66** &               &               \\
            &      (0.33)   &               &               \\ \addlinespace
Number of health centers&        0.63   &        0.60   &        0.57   \\
            &      (0.87)   &      (0.62)   &      (0.63)   \\ \addlinespace
Number of primary health centers&       -0.44   &       -0.23   &       -0.20   \\
            &      (0.96)   &      (0.73)   &      (0.73)   \\ \addlinespace
Number of telephone connections&      -0.099** &      -0.093*  &      -0.094*  \\
            &     (0.046)   &     (0.055)   &     (0.056)   \\ \addlinespace
\(\mathbbm{1}\left( \text{Bus services} \right)\)&       -0.50   &        0.65***&        0.62***\\
            &      (0.31)   &      (0.24)   &      (0.24)   \\ \addlinespace
\(\mathbbm{1}\left( \text{Credit societies} \right)\)&        0.31   &        0.72** &        0.71** \\
            &      (0.47)   &      (0.34)   &      (0.34)   \\ \addlinespace
\(\mathbbm{1}\left( \text{Approach to village: paved road} \right)\)&       -0.29   &       -0.43*  &       -0.41*  \\
            &      (0.30)   &      (0.23)   &      (0.23)   \\ \addlinespace
Distance from nearest town (km)&      -0.017** &      -0.016***&      -0.015***\\
            &    (0.0081)   &    (0.0045)   &    (0.0045)   \\ \addlinespace
Forest area (hectares)&     0.00019   &     0.00026   &     0.00036   \\
            &   (0.00035)   &   (0.00033)   &   (0.00034)   \\ \addlinespace
\(\mathbbm{1}\left( \text{Tap water} \right)\)&               &               &     -0.0054   \\
            &               &               &      (0.31)   \\ \addlinespace
\(\mathbbm{1}\left( \text{Electricity for all purposes} \right)\)&               &               &     -0.0058   \\
            &               &               &      (0.34)   \\
Constant    &       -19.2   &       -2.63***&       -2.62***\\
            &     (594.4)   &      (0.20)   &      (0.33)   \\
\midrule
Sub-district fixed effects & Yes & No & No \\
\(N\)       &       1,960   &       1,965   &       1,903   \\
Pseudo \(R^2\)&        0.51   &       0.079   &       0.077   \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabular}
\begin{tablenotes}
{\setlength\labelsep{0pt}
\footnotesize
\item \textit{Notes}. This table presents results from logistic regressions of an indicator for whether our partner NGO had operated in village \(i\) in the past---represented by \(\mathbbm{1}\left( \text{NGO village} \right)\)---on a set of village-level characteristics from the 2001 round of the Indian Census. Standard errors in parentheses. Our final model is shown in column (3). For this model, we initially restrict our sample to all Census-designated villages in the Bageshwar and Nainital districts of the state of Uttarakhand with non-zero or non-missing values for total population. We then exclude six villages where pretesting activities occurred with an alternative NGO partner (details available upon request). The final estimation sample for the model presented in column (3), thus, consists of all remaining villages with non-missing values for the village-level characteristics used for estimation. \sym{*} \(p<0.10\), \sym{**} \(p<0.05\), \sym{***} \(p<0.01\).}
\end{tablenotes}
\end{threeparttable}
}
\end{table}
